speed of 45 rpm comes out of the formula." "The 45 rpm speed was the only one to be decided by a precise optimisation procedure (by RCA Victor in 1948). They settled on the average (or possibly the median) of these tests, which turned out to be 78 rpm." Standardisation did not begin until 1912…. "The size of the stylus effectively determined the size of the grooves in a record and the recordable frequency range limited by this groove size determined a speed between 70 and 90 rpm…. Peter Copeland, George Brock-Nannestad, Roger Worsley. Today, CD players are used in homes instead of the phonograph, but if it were not for the phonograph, we would not have CD players today.Īlexandra Grosman - 2000 Bibliographic Entry Through the years and decades, the phonograph has improved in quality, such as in sound. Many people were able to hear different types of music time and time again because of the phonograph. Also, the phonograph was able to expand the appreciation of music in the home because the discs could be used over and over. If the phonograph was not created, many of the great musicians and singers that we know today would have not been known at all and their music and voices would not be remembered or heard by future generations. The 45 rpm discs were used for single songs because they had a shorter playing time. The records with the speed of 33.3 rpm were mainly used for classical music and long performances because of their long playing time. In 1949, discs with the speed of 45 rpm were about seven inches in diameter.
The records with the speed of 33.3 rpm were introduced in 1948 and their standard size was twelve inches in diameter. The 78 rpm discs were able to play for about four minutes and were about 10 inches in diameter. When the electrically powered turntables were introduced, the standard speed became 78.26 rpm. In the early 1900s, the acoustic phonographs varied in speeds from 74 to 82 rpm. If the speed of the disc was slower, such as 40 rpm, then the record would have played longer but the sound would have been very bad. If the disc had a speed of 100 rpm, then the playing time would be very short, yet the sound would have been very good. This was so because the fidelity and playing time had to even out, so the sounds that were heard would be good in quality and not very short in playing time either. The original, standard speed for the disc is 78 rpm. The disc may have three speeds at which it rotates: 33.3, 45, or 78 revolutions per minute (rpm). Edison produced the phonograph to be used as a dictating device, but soon it turned into one of the most popular and important machines that were used for sound reproduction in the 1900s. The tonearm, a pivoted rod, has a needle, or a stylus, at the end that moves from side to side and vibrates which in return transforms into electrical signals that are then amplified to reproduce the sound through loudspeakers. The turntable rotates by an electric motor and this is where the record, or disc, is placed. An amplifier and a loudspeaker are included in some, but not all, phonographs. The phonograph is made up of a turntable and a tonearm. A phonograph that uses discs is called a gramophone and was invented by Emile Berliner in 1887. The phonograph is used to replay sounds that are recorded on a disc or cylinder.
In 1877, Thomas A Edison created one of the first recording musical devices, the phonograph, which is also known as the record player. "I installed the turntable wheel and powered up the motor: it worked in the 78, 45 and 33 rpm positions." Installing 3-Speed Motor in 78-RPM Phonograph. With a 46:1 gear, this produced a speed of 78.26 rpm, which became the standard." "From 1900 to 1925 it hovered between 74 and 82 revolutions per minute, then became stabilized at 78 rpm with the introduction of electrically powered turntables. Fabulous Phonograph: From Edison to Stereo. "Because it is designed to work with records not been previously encoded, the Burwen System is of particular interest to owners of old 78 rpm records." "is made to rotate on the turntable at constant speed, usually 33.3, 45, or 78 revolutions per minute (rpm)." "tangential acceleration of a bug on the rim of a 10.0 inch diameter disk if the disk moves from rest to an angular speed of 78 rpm"įunk and Wagnalls New Encyclopedia.
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